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BOKA KOTORSKA or BOKA BAY
BOKA KOTORSKA or BOKA BAY
BOKA KOTORSKA or BOKA BAY
BOKA KOTORSKA or BOKA BAY
BOKA KOTORSKA or BOKA BAY
BOKA KOTORSKA or BOKA BAY

ABOUT BOKA BAY

BOKA BAY

 

Boka Kotorska (in Italian bocca meaning mouth) is a region surrounding one of the grandest natural features of the eastern Adriatic. The Gulf of Kotor is a series of four bays penetrating 25 km inland. Sailing in from the open sea, one first comes across the Herceg Novi Bay but with Mt Orjen (1,895 m), then through the Kumbor straits to the Tivat Bay. Through Verige, the narrowest point of the Gulf, one sees the bay of Risan to the north and the long bay of Kotor to the south, both surrounded by lofty mountains and ending with the historic town of Kotor, nestled directly below the steeps inside of Mt Lovćen (1,749 m). The gulf is often mistakenly considered to be a fjord but is, in fact, a river bed that sank when the sea level rose in the distant geological past. The magnificent and unique natural beauty of Boka Kotorska doesn’t allow one to stay indifferent. Small towns with baroque mansions erected by sea captains and villages with stone houses dot the sides of the bay. The lush greenery of cypresses, olive or lemon trees, and a variety of other Mediterranean flora along the coast stands in stark contrast to the forbiddingly bare sides of the mountains to the rear, rich in caves and various karst formations.

m DSC 9087 001To the surprise of many, the Gulf of Kotor is one of the rainiest regions in Europe, with the village of Crkvice above Risan holding the record with an annual average of 5317mm of rainfall per square meter. This is due to the fact that warm sea air cools off abruptly as it climbs the vertical sides of the mountains surrounding Boka. The same mountains shelter most of the Gulf from the sun and create a climate and vegetation in many aspects different from the rest of the coastline. On a sunny winter’s day, one can enjoy the mild climate of the coast and then make an excursion to the snow-covered mountains surrounding the Gulf. The whole of Boka is one huge harbor sheltered from the strong winds with ideal conditions for sailing. It is, therefore, no wonder that inhabitants (the Bokelji, as they are called) have always been noted for their nautical skills. Until recently the only thing connecting the villages of the Gulf was the sea, and also it was their only connection to the other world. Today a road circulates around the Gulf but to fully enjoy its wonders one should take on a boat trip.

m montenegro hostel photo prcanj 0014 001Boka had a turbulent history. In ancient times it was called Sinus Rhisonicus (the Bay of Risan), after the largest town, formerly the seat of Illyrian kings and their Slavic princedoms of the Middle Ages, which were not of a seafaring nature. It was the border between Travunija in the north of Duklja (Duclea) in the south. The first to region nautical glory was the mariners of Kotor during the times of Nemanjić as they amassed great wealth through trade and adorned their town with palaces and churches. Facing the Turk's threat the townships of the Gulf embraced Venetian rule and after several wars between these two world powers, Boka was divided in half, exactly as it was in the early Middle Ages. In 1689 the Turks went away and Boka lived its glory days. Many of its townships gained prosperity thanks to their skillful sailors- Perast, Prčanj, Dobrota, Topla, Orahovac, Herceg Novi, Morinj-all of these places had substantial fleets and gave many famous captains such as Matija Zmajević who was the admiral of the Russian Baltic fleet, or Ivo Visin who was the first captain of Austro-Hungary to sail around the world. From their journeys, these men brought exotic plant species, oriental treasures, and the culture of the world, but never lost the love for their native region, their language, and customs. These feelings came to life after the fall of the Venetian Republic when Boka changed hands several times between the Austrians, French, Russians, and English.

m DSC 7047 001Boka was awarded to the Austrian Empire in 1815 which quickly started to develop potential as a natural harbor and turned it into the main base for its war fleet. Since 1918 Boka is united with Montenegro with whom it shares many similarities but is also very different in many aspects. Although fierce warriors on their unbeatable ships, the Bokelji (people from Boka) also grew to be refined and gentle in comparison with the roughness of the highlanders and more inclined towards the Mediterranean. A mix of Orthodox and Catholics who have lived here peacefully for centuries adds to the variety of customs and traditions of the region celebrated through the carnivals of Kotor, religious ceremonies of Perast, or the Mimosa festival of Herceg Novi.

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